The Chinese Characters

The Characters of 紫微斗數

The name of this tradition is four Chinese characters: 紫微斗數 , read Zǐwēi Dǒushù. This page takes them one at a time, gives the pinyin and the plain meaning, and lets you hear each one in Mandarin. It does not teach you to read a chart.

Four characters, one name

Read left to right, the four characters are 紫 (zǐ), 微 (wēi), 斗 (dǒu), and 數 (shù). The first two name a place in the sky; the last two describe what the system does with the stars.

Literal: purple

Purple was the colour of the emperor in old China. In the name it points to the pole-star region of the sky, the seat reserved for the ruler of the heavens.

wēi
Literal: tiny, subtle, faint

On its own 微 means small or faint. It does not stand alone here: joined to 紫 it forms the fixed name 紫微, the Purple Enclosure of stars around the celestial pole.

dǒu
Literal: a dipper or measuring ladle

The character began as a picture of a ladle, and it names a dry-measure unit. In the sky it names the Dipper star groups, so here it carries the sense of measuring and mapping the stars.

shù
Literal: number, count, reckoning

數 means number and the act of counting. Classically it also carries the idea of what is allotted by heaven. Here it names the reckoning that turns star positions into a chart.

紫微斗數 Zǐwēi Dǒushù

Put together, 紫微 (Zǐwēi) is the first half and 斗數 (dǒushù) is the second. 紫微 names 紫微垣 (Zǐwēi yuán), the Purple Enclosure. This is the ring of stars around the celestial pole that old Chinese astronomers pictured as the emperor's court, with the pole star itself as the ruler's seat.

斗數 (dǒushù) is the star-reckoning: the measuring of the Dipper stars and the counting that places them into a chart. So the four characters together read as the reckoning of the stars of the Purple Enclosure. In English the tradition is usually called Purple Star Astrology.

Four characters you will meet everywhere

Beyond the name, a handful of characters turn up on almost every chart and in almost every explanation. Knowing these four makes the rest of the vocabulary easier to follow.

gōng
Literal: palace, room

A chart is divided into twelve 宮, the palaces. Each is a room that holds one area of life, such as wealth or relationships.

xīng
Literal: star

星 means star. The figures placed into the palaces are the stars of the system, and each one carries its own character and meaning.

mìng
Literal: fate, life, mandate

命 covers fate, life, and what one is given. It names the Life palace, 命宮 (mìng gōng), the room readers look at first.

huà
Literal: transformation, change

化 means to change or transform. It names the four transformations, 四化 (sì huà), that shift how a star behaves.

Now that the words make sense

This page is about the characters, not the chart. To actually cast and read your own chart, step by step, go to the working guide at Purple Star Astrology.

Back to the tradition

The Celestial Court · every door in the hub

紫微斗數 Zǐwēi Dǒushù · known in English as Purple Star Astrology — the Emperor's system, mapped room by room below